مجله پژوهش های راهبردی در علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی

مجله پژوهش های راهبردی در علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی

رویکردی نوآورانه برای تغذیه پایدار طیور و اقتصاد چرخشی با بهره‌گیری از حشره‌های خوراکی

نوع مقاله : مقاله مروری

نویسندگان
1 دانشکده بهداشت دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران
2 دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران،
3 گروه علوم دامی و طیور، دانشکده فناوری کشاورزی ، دانشگاه تهران،پاکدشت، تهران
4 دانشیار دانشگاه ارومیه
10.22047/srjasnr.2026.555122.1145
چکیده
افزایش جمعیت جهان، نگرانی‌های ‌محیط‌زیستی، محدودیت سهم پروتئین دریافتی، از یک سو و نیاز به تولید و عرضه مواد غذایی از سوی دیگر، ضرورت یافتن منابع جایگزین و پایدار برای تغذیه دام و طیور را بیش از پیش برجسته ساخته است. صنعت مرغداری در ایران پس از نفت و پتروشیمی، بزرگترین حجم سرمایه‌گذاری را در بخش کشاورزی دارد و تأمین خوراک طیور برای امنیت غذایی کشور ضروری است. با این ‌حال، در شرایط کنونی، کمبود منابع خوراکی از مهمترین دشواری‌های این صنعت است. قیمت منابع خوراکی مانند سویا و ذرت، رو به ‌افزایش است و دسترسی به آن‌ها برای پرورش‌دهندگان در آینده محدودتر خواهد‌ شد. در این میان، حشره‌های خوراکی به ‌دلیل دارا بودن پروتئین زیاد، اسیدآمینه‌های ضروری، اسیدهای چرب مفید و توانایی تولید در مقیاس صنعتی با ردپای محیط‌زیستی ­کم، به‌‌عنوان یک گزینه نوآورانه مطرح شده‌اند. بهره‌گیری از حشره‌ها در جیره‌ طیور نه ‌تنها می‌تواند رشد، ایمنی و کیفیت محصول‌های طیوری را بهترکند، بلکه با بهره‌برداری از پسماندهای آلی در فرایند پرورش، به برآوردن اصول اقتصاد چرخشی و کاهش آلودگی‌های محیط‌زیستی کمک می‌کند. با این حال، چالش‌هایی همچون استانداردسازی فرایند تولید، ایمنی میکروبی و شیمیایی، پذیرش بازار و الزام‌های قانونی همچنان باقی است. این مقاله مروری با تمرکز بر ظرفیت‌های تغذیه‌ای، سودمندی‌های محیط‌زیستی و اقتصادی و همچنین چالش‌های موجود، به بررسی نقش حشره‌های خوراکی در جیره غذایی طیور، به ‌عنوان رویکردی سبز و پایدار برای صنعت طیور در چارچوب اقتصاد چرخشی، می‌پردازد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

An Innovative Approach to Sustainable Poultry Nutrition and the Circular Economy through the Use of Edible Insects

نویسندگان English

mitra molaee parvari 1
Alireza Zahraei Ramezani 2
Seyed Davood Sharifi 3
M. Sofei Zadeh 4
1 School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences
2 , Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health and Institute of Public Health Researches, Tehran University of Medical Sciences(T.U.M.S).Tehran.
3 Department of Animal and Poultry Science, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, University of Tehran, Pakdasht, Tehran
4 Associate Professor of Urmia University
چکیده English

The rapid growth of the global population, escalating environmental concerns, and increasing limitations in conventional protein sources have intensified the need to identify alternative and sustainable feed resources for livestock and poultry. The poultry industry is a key sector within the agricultural subsector, and the volume of investment in Iran's poultry industry is second only to the oil and petrochemical industry. Supplying poultry feed is considered part of the country's food security. Given the current conditions, one of the most significant problems facing the country's poultry industry is the shortage of necessary feed resources. Currently, one of the most pressing challenges faced by the poultry industry is the shortage and rising cost of essential feed ingredients such as soybean meal and corn, which may further limit producers’ access in the near future. Edible insects have emerged as an innovative option due to their high protein content, essential amino acids, beneficial fatty acids, and the ability to be produced on an industrial scale with a low environmental footprint. Incorporating insects into poultry diets can not only improve growth performance, immune function, and product quality but also support circular economy principles by converting organic waste into high-value biomass, thereby reducing environmental pollution. Despite these advantages, several challenges remain, including the need for standardized production protocols, assurance of microbial and chemical safety, consumer acceptance, and compliance with regulatory frameworks.This review article examines the nutritional potential, environmental and economic benefits, and existing challenges associated with edible insects, highlighting their role as a green and sustainable strategy for the poultry industry within the framework of a circular economy.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Circular economy
Edible insects
Nutritional value
Poultry feed
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